{"id":11427,"date":"2020-01-14T11:06:31","date_gmt":"2020-01-14T07:06:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hakimiyyet.com\/?p=11427"},"modified":"2020-01-14T11:07:23","modified_gmt":"2020-01-14T07:07:23","slug":"xvii-%c9%99sr-az%c9%99rbaycan-dilinin-qrammatikasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/?p=11427","title":{"rendered":"XVII \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin qrammatikas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Az\u0259rbaycan dil\u00e7iliyinin \u0259sasl\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 dilimizin ilk elmi qrammatikas\u0131n\u0131n tarixinin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 XIX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b-yaratm\u0131\u015f Mirz\u0259 Kaz\u0131mb\u0259yin ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Lakin son apard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, dilimizin qrammatikas\u0131n\u0131n tarixi daha q\u0259diml\u0259r\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. H\u0259l\u0259 ki, son t\u0259dqiqatlar Vatikan\u0131n arxivind\u0259 qorunub-saxlanan, I \u015eah Abbas\u0131n d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259ki Az\u0259rbaycan dilini \u0259ks etdir\u0259n bir qrammatika kitab\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 dayan\u0131r. Bu, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 dil bil\u0259n, h\u00fcquq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q, klassik dill\u0259r, musiqi v\u0259 poeziya \u00fczr\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259hsil g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f frans\u0131z \u0259silli italyan aristokrat\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259yyah\u0131 Pietro Della Vallenin 7 kitabdan ibar\u0259t \u201cLa Grammatica turca\u201d \u0259s\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n

AZ\u018fRTAC<\/a>\u00a0x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, bu fikirl\u0259r AMEA N\u0259simi ad\u0131na Dil\u00e7ilik \u0130nstitutunun T\u0259tbiqi dil\u00e7ilik \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin b\u00f6y\u00fck elmi i\u015f\u00e7isi filologiya \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru X\u0259dic\u0259 Heyd\u0259rovan\u0131n \u201cXVII \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin qrammatikas\u0131\u201d m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 yer al\u0131b.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin qrammatikas\u0131ndan b\u0259hs ed\u0259n bu kitab h\u0259m d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn, h\u0259m d\u0259 sonrak\u0131 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 bir \u00e7ox Avropa v\u0259 t\u00fcrk t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdikl\u0259ri t\u0259dqiqat m\u0259nb\u0259yi idi. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda bu \u0259s\u0259r elm v\u0259 ictimaiyy\u0259t al\u0259min\u0259 m\u0259lum olmay\u0131b. T\u0259vaz\u00f6karl\u0131qdan uzaq olsa da, h\u0259min \u0259s\u0259rin ilk ara\u015fd\u0131rma\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 kimi onu dey\u0259 bil\u0259r\u0259m ki, bu qiym\u0259tli \u0259s\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin qrammatikas\u0131n\u0131n daha \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r t\u0259dqiqata c\u0259lb olundu\u011funu, dilimizin h\u0259l\u0259 XVII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n elmi qrammatikaya sahib oldu\u011funu s\u00fcbuta yetirir v\u0259 \u0259srl\u0259rboyu ya\u015fayan dilimizin z\u0259nginliyind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verir.<\/p>\n

Pietro Della Valle 1617-1623-c\u00fc ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tind\u0259 Vatikan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015f missioner qismind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, ilk d\u0259f\u0259 saraya gir\u0259nd\u0259 \u015eah Abbas ona t\u0259miz t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 \u201cxo\u015f g\u0259ldin, s\u0259fa g\u0259ldin\u201d demi\u015fdir. Pietro \u015faha t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7isi olma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259klif etmi\u015f v\u0259 t\u0259klifi q\u0259bul edildikd\u0259n sonra \u015fah\u0131n saray\u0131nda 1623-c\u00fc ilin fevral\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. O, ivrit, lat\u0131n, \u0259r\u0259b, fars v\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rini g\u00f6z\u0259l bilmi\u015f, \u015fairlik qabiliyy\u0259ti oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn fars, \u0259r\u0259b, t\u00fcrk, italyan, ispan dill\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259li \u015feirl\u0259r yazma\u011fa c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, h\u0259tta Hafizin \u015feirl\u0259rini \u015f\u0259rh etmi\u015fdir. 1617-ci ild\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 \u0130stanbulda ik\u0259n s\u0259yyah\u0131n \u015fair t\u0259bi il\u0259 italyan dilind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda t\u00fcrkc\u0259 transkripsiyas\u0131n\u0131 verdiyi \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259n bir par\u00e7aya diqq\u0259t ed\u0259k (m\u0259nb\u0259: Nevin \u00d6zkan. Pietro Della Valle, Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda bir italyan gezgin (Roma 1586 \u2013 1652) Pietro Della Valle \u2013 Onyedinci y\u00fczy\u0131la ait bir not. Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Dil ve tarih-co\u011frafya fak\u00fcltesi dergisi 46, 1 (2006) 1-16. s. 10):<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Del pastor figlia sua\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ciup\u00e0n khiz\u00ec\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00c7oban q\u0131z\u0131<\/p>\n

Dell\u00b4occhio mio luce sua\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ghioz\u00f9m nur\u00ec\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 G\u00f6z\u00fcm nuru<\/p>\n

Vieni, fermati qui\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ghiel, dur bund\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 G\u0259l, dur burda<\/p>\n

Dell\u00b4ombra nel sotto suo\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ghiulghi\u00e8 altund\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00f6lg\u0259 alt\u0131nda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Quivi (\u00e8) fresca\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bund\u00e0 taz\u00e8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Burda taz\u0259<\/p>\n

Ombra, e fontana\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ghiulgh\u00e8, ve cescm\u00e8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00f6lg\u0259, v\u0259 \u00e7e\u015fm\u0259<\/p>\n

Chiara distilla,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Safie ac\u00e0r\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Safi axar<\/p>\n

Quivi rosaio,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bund\u00e0 ghiulz\u00e0r\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Burda g\u00fclzar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Maravigliosi gridi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ageb ifg\u00e0n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u018fc\u0259b \u0259fqan<\/p>\n

Rossignuol cominciante\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bulb\u00f9l bascl\u00e0n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00fclb\u00fcl ba\u015flan<\/p>\n

Noi giaceremo\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biz iatal\u00f9m\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biz yatalum<\/p>\n

Insieme dormieremo\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bile uial\u00f9m\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Birlikd\u0259 uyuyalum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Adesso (\u00e8) tempo\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Scemdi zem\u00e0n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u015eimdi zaman<\/p>\n

Che tu (se\u00b4) giovane\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chi sen giu\u00e0n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ki s\u0259n cavan<\/p>\n

Quando vecchia sarai\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haci\u00e0n cogi\u00e0 sen\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ha\u00e7an qocalsan<\/p>\n

Amante non troverai\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ascic bulm\u00e1sen\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A\u015fiq bulmazsan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Yuxar\u0131dak\u0131 t\u00fcrkc\u0259 \u015feirl\u0259rd\u0259 s\u0259yyah\u0131n dilinin h\u0259l\u0259 tam t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fm\u0259diyi hiss olunur.<\/p>\n

Della Valle \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n s\u00f6z v\u0259 ifad\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n transkripsiya t\u0259tbiq edib:\u00a0Sciah Abbas muradi virsun, sciorba, qizilbasci, chisc misc, begum, chanum, giu\u00e0n, dervisc<\/em>\u00a0v\u0259 s. \u0130talyan dili v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f bu transkripsiyan\u0131n t\u0259dqiqata ehtiyac\u0131 var.<\/p>\n

Onun \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259n\u0259n\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq m\u0259ktublardan ibar\u0259t s\u0259yah\u0259tnam\u0259 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259dir. Della Valle \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 Romaya Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mperiyas\u0131ndan 10, S\u0259f\u0259vi D\u00f6vl\u0259tind\u0259n 18 v\u0259 Hindistandan 8 m\u0259ktub g\u00f6nd\u0259rib. Bunlar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti el\u0259 Dalle Vallenin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, h\u0259tta \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n 10 il sonra (Viaggi di Pietro Della Valle, il Pellegrino, Roma 1662) Roman\u0131n \u201cMascardi\u201d N\u0259\u015friyyat evind\u0259 \u00e7ap olunsa da, m\u00fc\u0259llifi oldu\u011fu \u201cT\u00fcrk dilinin qrammatikas\u0131\u201d (\u201cLa Grammatica turca\u201d) \u0259s\u0259ri, \u0259fsuslar olsun ki, i\u015f\u0131q \u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rm\u0259yib. Avropada \u015e\u0259rqin tan\u0131d\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Vallenin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini v\u0259 rolunu ara\u015fd\u0131ran Piter Bitenholz qeyd edir ki, m\u00fcasir t\u00fcrk dili da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf hissi ke\u00e7irm\u0259lidirl\u0259r ki, bu c\u00fcr y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f qrammatika kitab\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r (Peter G. Bietenholz, Pietro della Valle (1586-1652). Studien zur Geschichte der Orientkenntnis und des Orientbildes im Abenlande, Basel und Stuttgart 1962, s. 81). H\u0259min kitab ilk d\u0259f\u0259 XIX \u0259srd\u0259 Beyn\u0259lxalq \u015e\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnaslar Konqresind\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur t\u00fcrkoloq Ettore Rossi t\u0259r\u0259f\u0131nd\u0259n elm al\u0259min\u0259 tan\u0131d\u0131l\u0131b (Rossi Ettore, \u201cImportansa dell\u2019inedita grammatica turca di Pietro Della Valle\u201d, Atti del XIX. Congresso Internazionale degli Orientalisti, Roma 1938, s. 202-209).<\/p>\n

Della Vallenin n\u0259\u015fr olunmam\u0131\u015f qeydl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r Vatikan Kitabxanas\u0131 v\u0259 \u0130taliyan\u0131n Modena B\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259sinin arxivl\u0259rind\u0259 saxlan\u0131l\u0131r (bax. Rossi, RSO, XXII, 92-98).<\/p>\n

Maraql\u0131 faktlardan biri odur ki, Vatikan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n missioner kimi \u015f\u0259rq \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259ril\u0259n Pietro Della Valle \u015eah Abbasla \u00e7ox g\u00f6z\u0259l m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 olub v\u0259 Vatikana g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi \u201cDelle conditioni di Abbas re di Persia\u201d (\u0130ran \u015fah\u0131 Abbas\u0131n \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda) adl\u0131 ki\u00e7ik kitab\u0131nda ona x\u00fcsusi h\u00f6rm\u0259t v\u0259 ehtiramla yana\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131na, \u015fah\u0131 \u00e7ox m\u00fcdrik v\u0259 adil hesab etdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Roma senzuras\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bu kitab\u0131n \u00e7ap\u0131na icaz\u0259 verilm\u0259yib (Vitalone Mario. Il Diario di viaggio in Persia di Pietro della Valle: un confronto con le Lettere. s. 3).<\/p>\n

Dalle Valle 1614-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u0130stanbula g\u0259lib, qrammatika kitab\u0131n\u0131 yazma\u011fa el\u0259 orada olark\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131b, lakin osmanl\u0131 dilind\u0259 t\u00fcrk s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin azl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcb. 1617-ci ild\u0259 \u0130sfahan, Mazandaran v\u0259 Gilana \u00fcz tutan s\u0259yyah 1623-c\u00fc il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259ti \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b. O, qrammatika kitab\u0131n\u0131 1621-ci ild\u0259 \u0130sfahanda bitirib.<\/p>\n

1643-c\u00fc ilin avqust ay\u0131nda \u00f6z missioner s\u0259f\u0259rind\u0259n \u0130taliyaya qay\u0131dan Pietro kitab\u0131 haqq\u0131nda Roma senzuras\u0131na m\u0259lumat verir. Senzura t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259yin edilmi\u015f Padre Macio \u201cm\u0259n din\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259viyyata zidd bir \u015fey g\u00f6rm\u0259dim\u201d (Et nihil in eo repperi, quod fidei, aut bonis moribus adversetur) sonlu\u011fu il\u0259 bit\u0259n bir r\u0259y verir. Lakin \u0259s\u0259r yen\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmur.<\/p>\n

\u00d6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonlar\u0131n\u0131 Pietro, dem\u0259k olar, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259crid olunmu\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ke\u00e7irib. Pietro Della Vallenin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra 1652-ci ild\u0259 kitab\u0131n \u0259lyazmas\u0131 onun varisi Markiz Del Bufaloya \u00e7at\u0131r. O is\u0259 \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 qrammatikan\u0131 Papa XI Klimentey\u0259 t\u0259qdim edir. 1718-ci ild\u0259 Papa XI Klimente \u201cVat. Turco 40\u201d kimi tan\u0131nan bu kitab\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259llifin dig\u0259r 8 \u0259s\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Vatikan Apostol Kitabxanas\u0131na verir. Qrammatika kitab\u0131 1900-c\u00fc il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r diqq\u0259td\u0259n k\u0259narda qal\u0131r. M\u0259\u015fhur \u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnas Ettore Rossi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yenid\u0259n k\u0259\u015ff edil\u0259n bu elmi \u0259s\u0259rin y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259ti alimi heyran edir v\u0259 1935-ci ild\u0259 o, \u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnaslar\u0131n konvensiyas\u0131nda bu bar\u0259d\u0259 elmi ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259lumat verir.<\/p>\n

2017-ci ild\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f Beyn\u0259lxalq T\u00fcrk Dili T\u0259drisi Konfrans\u0131nda (noyabr) yer alm\u0131\u015f Nevin \u00d6zkan v\u0259 Raniero Speelman\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi oldu\u011fu \u201c\u0130talyan t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u00fcrkc\u0259 t\u0259hsil: XVI v\u0259 XVIII \u0259srl\u0259r aras\u0131 d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259rsl\u0259r. Tarixd\u0259n bir n\u00fcmun\u0259: Pietro Della Valle\u201d adl\u0131 konfrans material\u0131nda bu qrammatika kitab\u0131 haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r (Nevin \u00d6ZKAN, Raniero SPEELMAN. Italiani studenti e studiosi del turco: lezioni tra il cinque e il settecento. Un esempio storico: Pietro Della Valle. Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130talyanca Dil \u00d6\u011fretimi Konferans\u0131. Rumelide Dil ve edebiyat ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dergisi. Journal Of Language And Literature Studies. S. 50-59).<\/p>\n

Burada g\u00f6st\u0259rilir ki, Pietro Della Valle kitab\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcrk dili d\u0259rsliyi kimi t\u0259rtib etmi\u015fdir. Giri\u015fd\u0259 t\u00fcrk dilini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259n b\u0259hs ed\u0259n, \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259sas dili m\u00fcqayis\u0259 ed\u0259n Valle 38 s\u0259hif\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t I Kitab\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259, t\u00fcrk dilinin fonetikas\u0131, s\u0259sl\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz\u00fc, transliterasiya v\u0259 \u0259lifban\u0131n qurulu\u015funu verir. Ard\u0131ndan saitl\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini izah edir.<\/p>\n

II Kitab 60 s\u0259hif\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7oxdur. Burada isim, sif\u0259t v\u0259 feild\u0259n b\u0259hs olunur. S\u00f6zl\u0259rin sonluqlar\u0131ndak\u0131 s\u0259sl\u0259rin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si, sif\u0259tin m\u00fcqayis\u0259 v\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat verilir. \u0628\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652 Bilm\u0259k feilind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n k\u00f6k olaraq \u0259mr \u015f\u0259kli g\u00f6st\u0259rilir \u0628\u0650\u0644\u0652 Bil , d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259 olaraq \u0628\u0650\u0644\u0650\u0634\u0652 Bili\u015f s\u00f6z\u00fc misal g\u0259tirilir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fqa bir n\u00fcmun\u0259d\u0259 \u201cqalxan\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201ct\u0259k\u0259r\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 ver\u0259n \u0259r\u0259b m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li \u062a\u064e\u0631\u0633\u0652 T\u0259rs s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n yaranan \u062a\u064e\u0631\u0633\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u0647 (ters\u0127\u0101ne) T\u0259rsxan\u0259 (qalxan evi) m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

Valle burada r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r\u0259, hesablamalara v\u0259 \u0259bc\u0259d hesab\u0131na ayr\u0131ca diqq\u0259t yetirir.<\/p>\n

III Kitab \u0259n q\u0131sa olub 11 s\u0259hif\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir: \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259rin n\u00f6vl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda \u0259yani misallarla m\u0259lumat verilir.<\/p>\n

IV Kitab (50 s\u0259hif\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7ox) feill\u0259r\u0259 h\u0259sr olunub. Valle sad\u0259 feill\u0259ri d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259d\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259ndirir, -maq, -m\u0259k \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7ili m\u0259sd\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7oxlu miqdarda misallar g\u0259tirir.<\/p>\n

V Kitab 34 s\u0259hif\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t olub feill\u0259rin inkar\u0131, qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131q, icbar n\u00f6vl\u0259ri v\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i feill\u0259r, indiki zaman haqq\u0131nda geni\u015f m\u0259lumat verilir.<\/p>\n

VI Kitabda (30 s\u0259hif\u0259) z\u0259rf, Vallenin t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 z\u0259ngin oldu\u011funu qeyd etdiyi nida v\u0259 \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7il\u0259r t\u0259hlil edilir.<\/p>\n

Sonuncu 40 s\u0259hif\u0259lik VII Kitab c\u00fcml\u0259 qurulu\u015fu haqq\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pietro Della Vallenin bu \u0259s\u0259ri (La Grammatica turca. di Pietro Della Valle (1586-1652) contenuta nel manoscritto Vaticano Turco 40 della Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana) h\u0259m tarixi qrammatika bax\u0131m\u0131ndan, h\u0259m d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin elmi qrammatikas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259drisinin tarixi n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n olduqca b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Vatikan\u0131n kitabxanas\u0131ndan onun tap\u0131laraq \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 italyan m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edil\u0259r\u0259k n\u0259\u015fr edilm\u0259si \u00e7ox vacibdir. Burada x\u00fcsusil\u0259 qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, Vallenin \u015eah Abbasla ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259ktublar\u0131n\u0131n da Az\u0259rbaycana \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131laraq g\u0259tirilm\u0259si tariximizin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259sin\u0259 yeni faktlar g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan dil\u00e7iliyinin \u0259sasl\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 dilimizin ilk elmi qrammatikas\u0131n\u0131n tarixinin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 XIX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b-yaratm\u0131\u015f Mirz\u0259 Kaz\u0131mb\u0259yin ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,2,5],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11427"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11427"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11427\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11429,"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11427\/revisions\/11429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hakimiyyet.info.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}